tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49242243795463009412024-02-19T12:20:12.067+07:00Benfany's ProjectsKumpulan Project-project Mikrokontroler.Benfany Aditiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05365634559852041129noreply@blogger.comBlogger15125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4924224379546300941.post-87536768203280789402012-03-03T12:24:00.009+07:002012-03-03T14:57:59.076+07:00Digital StopwatchAkhirnya setelah lama ga posting di blog saya niatkan hari ini untuk posting lagi,, :D<br />yang akan saya bahas adalah, digital stop watch, menggunakan ATMEGA 32 , LCD 16*2.<br /><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgu6DmqFJamc8u_xpqFIHAZ3-EzkA7ampOvjbaRchTOe5JIuOGY7MGbH-QjDx_SJk1Kf8lY34yd5BEAZ_iayboS77ghyoY7fWR_OLyLOGVFarMYUHQC_5x17269phki6TZ2GiTHJOKeJJ39/s1600/Start.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 173px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgu6DmqFJamc8u_xpqFIHAZ3-EzkA7ampOvjbaRchTOe5JIuOGY7MGbH-QjDx_SJk1Kf8lY34yd5BEAZ_iayboS77ghyoY7fWR_OLyLOGVFarMYUHQC_5x17269phki6TZ2GiTHJOKeJJ39/s320/Start.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5715565258452680098" border="0" /></a><br />Seperti biasa, kode pemrograman di tulis dalam bahasa basic dan di compile, kemudian hasil dari copiler tersebut (hex Code) di inputkan ke dalam proteus simulator,<br /><br />konfigurasi rangkaian nya seperti gambar di bawah ini,<br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdhg9jCjkqQUWgwI6azeSZjXwH4roEVFXlIJ4i4Fab0eSetyx04q8nlUmIeSlGX4oYO58oh-VfknVoLowWRny6EzMCy7LOskuLQo6Tt_zyUZioF5Ih3jxpTiN9p-ZDdNXNEL7BoGJfRv3d/s1600/Circuit.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 174px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdhg9jCjkqQUWgwI6azeSZjXwH4roEVFXlIJ4i4Fab0eSetyx04q8nlUmIeSlGX4oYO58oh-VfknVoLowWRny6EzMCy7LOskuLQo6Tt_zyUZioF5Ih3jxpTiN9p-ZDdNXNEL7BoGJfRv3d/s320/Circuit.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5715567809480457938" border="0" /></a>Kode Pemrograman :<br /><br />'===============================================================================<br />'Program : Digital Stopwatch using M32 and LCD display 16*2 Monochrome<br />'Date : 03-March-2012<br />'Size : 9% of M32 Capacity flash ROM<br />'Requested : Dewi Nurazizah S (Budak baong minta program)<br />'Uploaded : 03-March-2012<br />'===============================================================================<br />'Micro chip declaration=========================================================<br />$regfile = "m32def.dat"<br />$crystal = 12000000<br /><br />'port I/O Configuration=========================================================<br />Config Porta = Input<br />Config Portc = Output 'used as LCD output<br /><br />Config Lcdpin = Pin , Db4 = Portc.4 , Db5 = Portc.5 , Db6 = Portc.6 , Db7 = Portc.7 , E = Portc.0 , Rs = Portc.1<br />Config Lcd = 16 * 2<br /><br />'Dimension variable and Constant================================================<br />Dim Lap As Byte<br />Dim Perdetik As Byte<br />Dim Detik As Byte<br />Dim Menit As Byte<br />Dim Jam As Byte<br />Dim Stopwatch As String * 11<br />Dim Perdetik$ As String * 2<br />Dim Detik$ As String * 2<br />Dim Menit$ As String * 2<br />Dim Jam$ As String * 2<br />Dim Lap$ As String * 2<br />Dim Huruf As String * 1<br />Dim Eja As Byte<br />Dim I As Byte<br />Dim Lap_mem As Byte<br /><br />Const Delay_huruf = 100 'Please adjust this number for delay<br />Const Delay_counter = 100 'please adjust this number for delay counter<br /><br />Dim Text(2) As String * 16<br /><br />Text(1) = " Stop Watch "<br />Text(2) = "Dewi Nurazizah S"<br /><br />'Aliasing pin with real name====================================================<br />Mulai Alias Pina.0<br />Tambah Alias Pina.1<br />Kurang Alias Pina.2<br />'Berhenti Alias Pina.3<br />Reset_pin Alias Pina.4<br /><br />'Setting value==================================================================<br />Perdetik$ = "00"<br />Detik$ = "00"<br />Menit$ = "00"<br />Jam$ = "00"<br />Lap$ = "00"<br /><br />Perdetik = 0<br />Detik = 0<br />Menit = 0<br />Jam = 0<br />Lap = 0<br /><br />Cursor Off<br />Cursor Noblink<br />Cls<br />'Fisrt Subroutine ==============================================================<br />Gosub Welcome<br /><br />Cursor Off<br />Cursor Noblink<br />Cls<br /><br />'Reset Display =================================================================<br />Reset_sub:<br />Locate 1 , 1<br />Lcd "Time:"<br />Locate 1 , 12<br />Lcd "|Lap:"<br />Locate 2 , 12<br />Lcd "| 00"<br />Stopwatch = Jam$ + ":" + Menit$ + ":" + Detik$ + ":" + Perdetik$<br />Locate 2 , 1<br />Waitms 10<br />Lcd Stopwatch<br />Waitms 10<br /><br />'Setting Input for Laps Number==================================================<br />While Mulai = 1 Or Lap = 0 'it will stays looping as long as the laps number is zero<br />If Tambah = 0 And Kurang = 1 Then<br /> Incr Lap<br /> Lap$ = Str(lap)<br /> If Lap < 10 Then<br /> Locate 2 , 15<br /> Lcd "0" ; Lap$<br /> Else<br /> Locate 2 , 15<br /> Lcd Lap$<br /> End If<br /> Waitms 100 'adjust this number compared with actual counter (example: watch)<br />Elseif Tambah = 1 And Kurang = 0 Then<br /> Decr Lap<br /> Lap$ = Str(lap)<br /> If Lap < 10 Then<br /> Locate 2 , 15<br /> Lcd "0" ; Lap$<br /> Else<br /> Locate 2 , 15<br /> Lcd Lap$<br /> End If<br /> Waitms 100<br />End If<br /><br />If Mulai = 0 And Lap = 0 Then<br /> For I = 1 To 3<br /> Cls<br /> Waitms 100<br /> Locate 1 , 1<br /> Lcd "..Please Enter.."<br /> Locate 2 , 1<br /> Lcd "..Laps Number..."<br /> Waitms 300<br /> Next 1<br /> Cls<br /> Locate 1 , 1<br /> Lcd "Time:"<br /> Locate 1 , 12<br /> Lcd "|Lap:"<br /> Locate 2 , 12<br /> Lcd "| 00"<br /> Stopwatch = Jam$ + ":" + Menit$ + ":" + Detik$ + ":" + Perdetik$<br /> Locate 2 , 1<br /> Waitms 10<br /> Lcd Stopwatch<br /> Waitms 10<br />End If<br /><br />Wend<br /><br />Lap_mem = Lap<br />Lap = 0<br />Locate 2 , 15<br />Lcd "00"<br /><br />'Interrupts Enabling for Laps detector (infra red sensor) and Stop Button=======<br />Enable Interrupts<br />Enable Int0<br />Enable Int1<br />Config Int0 = Falling<br />Config Int1 = Falling<br />On Int0 Tulis<br />On Int1 Selesai<br /><br />'Main Program =================================================================<br />Do<br />Locate 2 , 1<br />Lcd Jam$<br />While Jam < 100<br /> Locate 2 , 4<br /> Lcd Menit$<br /> While Menit < 60<br /> Locate 2 , 7<br /> Lcd Detik$<br /> While Detik < 60<br /> Locate 2 , 10<br /> Lcd Perdetik$<br /> While Perdetik < 100<br /> Perdetik$ = Str(perdetik)<br /> If Perdetik < 10 Then<br /> Locate 2 , 11<br /> Lcd Perdetik$<br /> Else<br /> Locate 2 , 10<br /> Lcd Perdetik$<br /> End If<br /> Waitms 1<br /> Incr Perdetik<br /> Wend<br /> Incr Detik<br /> Perdetik = 0<br /> Perdetik$ = "00"<br /> Detik$ = Str(detik)<br /> If Detik < 10 Then<br /> Locate 2 , 8<br /> Lcd Detik$<br /> Else<br /> Locate 2 , 7<br /> Lcd Detik$<br /> End If<br /> Wend<br /> Incr Menit<br /> Detik = 0<br /> Detik$ = "00"<br /> Menit$ = Str(menit)<br /> If Menit < 10 Then<br /> Locate 2 , 5<br /> Lcd Menit$<br /> Else<br /> Locate 2 , 4<br /> Lcd Menit$<br /> End If<br /> Wend<br /> Incr Jam<br /> Menit = 0<br /> Menit$ = "00"<br /> Jam$ = Str(jam)<br /> If Jam < 10 Then<br /> Locate 2 , 2<br /> Lcd Jam$<br /> Else<br /> Locate 2 , 1<br /> Lcd Jam$<br /> End If<br />Wend<br /><br />Loop<br /><br />End 'end program<br /><br />'Sub Routine ===================================================================<br />Tulis:<br />Incr Lap<br />Lap$ = Str(lap)<br />If Lap < 10 Then<br />Locate 2 , 16<br />Lcd Lap$<br />Else<br />Locate 2 , 15<br />Lcd Lap$<br />End If<br />If Lap = Lap_mem Then<br />Goto Selesai<br />End If<br />Return<br /><br />Welcome:<br />Locate 1 , 1<br />For I = 1 To 16<br />Huruf = Mid(text(1) , I , 1)<br />Lcd Huruf<br />Waitms Delay_huruf<br />Next I<br />Locate 2 , 1<br />For I = 1 To 16<br />Huruf = Mid(text(2) , I , 1)<br />Lcd Huruf<br />Waitms Delay_huruf<br />Next I<br />Wait 2<br />Return<br /><br />Selesai:<br />Locate 1 , 1<br />Lcd "Total :"<br />Waitms 10<br />While Reset_pin = 1<br />Perdetik$ = "00"<br />Detik$ = "00"<br />Menit$ = "00"<br />Jam$ = "00"<br />Lap$ = "00"<br /><br />Perdetik = 0<br />Detik = 0<br />Menit = 0<br />Jam = 0<br />Lap = 0<br />Wend<br />Goto Reset_sub<br /><br />Ide pemrograman :<br />Smua data di pipsahkan menjadi 4 bagian,<br />1. perdetik (menghitung detik di bagi dalam 100 hitungan)<br />2. detik<br />3. menit<br />4. jam<br /><br />karena rangkaian ini tidak menggunakan external clock source untuk meghitung delay waktunya, maka semua penghitungan "perdetik" membebankan counter / clock internal dari mikro tersebut. yang di hasilkan oleh crystal dengan frequency 12 MHz,<br />maka dari itulah, kita tidak bisa menuliskan 1ms utuk delay yang sebenarnya selama 1 mili second. tapi ya kita harus mencoba dengan cara mencocokan dengan nilai 1 detik yang sebenarnya dengan cara mengatur jumlah delay yang ada pada tiap siklus "perdetik" got it? :D<br /><br />pada awal memulai program akan ada welcome text yang di tampilkan di LCD, ini hanya pemanis sekaligus eksistensi diri saat tugas di kumpulkan hehehe..<br /><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8Whw6wUeuqAqY8brF9CSfi2kstkOoKtMIH1g1eF3r8DAxeK67XAorYvUCrC-xm5-eKOWaSo4lRK3OX6hySsuPnuk1BLlUPhH5kQYmw4MK9qURg0cS7v1mvvaqxvFfPWn2iGXE1ZQdIlPa/s1600/Wellcome.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 177px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8Whw6wUeuqAqY8brF9CSfi2kstkOoKtMIH1g1eF3r8DAxeK67XAorYvUCrC-xm5-eKOWaSo4lRK3OX6hySsuPnuk1BLlUPhH5kQYmw4MK9qURg0cS7v1mvvaqxvFfPWn2iGXE1ZQdIlPa/s320/Wellcome.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5715573955011402850" border="0" /></a><br />Note: nama saya Bukan Dewi ya.. -_____-" itu nama adek kelas yang "minta tolong" di bikinin program nya..<br /><br />oke, nanuts.. alias lanjut!<br /><br />setelah welcome text display akan di reset dan masuk ke mode standby penghitungan, apaila langsung di tekan "start" button, akan keluar kode error :<br /><br /><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhS798mWfeMKk4Svqu2SeUqkX13m2o8_H7m5JeVTxDlfsIFGO31zc6-yeY3Ldydt2WJHVFXNYn2prkkbt3Ygexp4rYoMKZXyYrYlANf_j1KCCticHNQajEkvV5BUqU6AlTgAp6gWVA5TEkn/s1600/Error.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 174px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhS798mWfeMKk4Svqu2SeUqkX13m2o8_H7m5JeVTxDlfsIFGO31zc6-yeY3Ldydt2WJHVFXNYn2prkkbt3Ygexp4rYoMKZXyYrYlANf_j1KCCticHNQajEkvV5BUqU6AlTgAp6gWVA5TEkn/s320/Error.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5715574934682666690" border="0" /></a><br />itu disebabkan karna jumlah lap yang akan di lalui belum di tentukan,<br />jadi,, isilah terlebih dahulu jumlah lap nya, kemudian start..<br /><br />saat Laps yang di tentukan sudah di lalui, maka stopwatch ini akan berhenti secara otomatis dan menunjukan total waktu yang terhitung dari mulai Lap-1 sampai lap terakhir.<br /><br /><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUe4XCPUVHdFgDNQl0iELdV3paCz80DOke9Ys77AVay0zfxkVmwdnG_TAwpnNawqF5e-U2gEYKqx0nKDNRvb6TQ-CfSOGf-jnj2kY_HX9jeuDDSutSwNvrqlDglqrfGmlvw8AlustRQH_N/s1600/Total.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 174px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUe4XCPUVHdFgDNQl0iELdV3paCz80DOke9Ys77AVay0zfxkVmwdnG_TAwpnNawqF5e-U2gEYKqx0nKDNRvb6TQ-CfSOGf-jnj2kY_HX9jeuDDSutSwNvrqlDglqrfGmlvw8AlustRQH_N/s320/Total.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5715575569237171938" border="0" /></a><br />bagi yang ingin mendownload full dokumen nya,<br /><br />klik <a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/18758032/Stopwatch.rar.html">Disini</a><br /><br /><span class="fullpost"> </span>Benfany Aditiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05365634559852041129noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4924224379546300941.post-34052133485919003072011-06-22T06:25:00.009+07:002011-06-22T07:43:26.988+07:00Alat Pengukur Jarak Tempuh<div style="text-align: left;">ini posting saya yang ke 2 di bulan ini, hehe.. biasa lah orang sibuk *sok :).</div><div><div><div><span class="fullpost"></span><div>kali ini saya akan membahas mengnai alat pengukur jarak. sistem ini banyak digunakan di berbagai aplikasi. salah satunya adalah speedometer. beberapa informasi yang didapat yaitu :</div><div>1. jarak yang telah ditempuh</div><div>2. kecepatan.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>Sensor</b></div><div>Sensor yang digunakan pada alat ini adalah photo dioda, dengan pronsip pemantulan cahaya antara permukaan hitam dan putih pada sebuah bidang yang di putar, maka sensor ini memberikan sinyal informasi.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbCGYdnCqOuzxjuaFyY_x4tDVpHdUHPR3MAYsc7ESlyofUQBn6R7bpiIZ3ZpXPAJ5XkiexiuSSiHDtg_cVm8G_3yTTpyI6HqOkJYxHIkTBr-AvsL7i8gJHrh5CrqE4LIzsEtCvQ1VCC6z-/s320/encoder-circuit.gif" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5620830264333814994" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 173px; " /></span></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>rangkaian diatas adalah rangkaian dari sensor encoder yang banyak di jual di pasaran. 2 sinyal dari pin A dan B adalah sinyal output sensor, pada alat kali ini hanya akan digunakan satu pin input. karena fungsi lain penggunaan pin A dan B adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi arah putar. </div><div><br /></div><div>secara mekanikal, penempatan sensor ada pada gambar di bawah ini. </div><div>w</div><div><br /></div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihNiYcQX0WINnQCrkeVPmVEdM1nvdPCQapCINcYejPXkwq-lpWd7IOnom00k6u9nhAHT0EjS_QDSgpnG3zMA4a5NIa06WKvze3mby1EcRgcxydj7WJnhn4jrYdFhAUQx2GjhvLdJ5zRkcA/s1600/ShaftEncoder2.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihNiYcQX0WINnQCrkeVPmVEdM1nvdPCQapCINcYejPXkwq-lpWd7IOnom00k6u9nhAHT0EjS_QDSgpnG3zMA4a5NIa06WKvze3mby1EcRgcxydj7WJnhn4jrYdFhAUQx2GjhvLdJ5zRkcA/s320/ShaftEncoder2.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5620823622243359650" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 287px; " /></a><br />output dari sensor ini adalah kombinasi pulsa On dan OFF saat photo dioda dihadapkan pada permukaan yang berbeda warna, yaitu hitam dan putih. jumlah pola hitam dan putih ini dapat diatur tergantung dengan kebutuhan pengguna, salah satu pertimbangannya adalah resolusi alat.<div><div>contoh :</div><div>keliling Roda <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>= 30 inch</div><div>jumlah pola<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>= 300</div><div>maka resolusi <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>= 30 / 300 = 0.1 inch</div><div><br /></div><div>artinya, pengukuran jarak terkecil yang dapat di baca oleh alat ini adalah 0,1 inch. jadi apabila roda berputar kurang dari 0.1 inch, maka jarak tidak dapat diukur.</div></div></div></div><div><br /></div><div>gambar di bawah adalah output pulsa yang dihasilkan apabila roda diputar dengan kecepatan konstan. sinyal inilah yang akan dijadikan input ke mikrokontroler. </div><div><br /></div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOiMAWGsG-3w97QFVgu7VQp3hgacgAXASfiT54vYRQo_aHckQuegsqZf5vHQM7gskjFVfTk_VpjWWB-e7JGTIyaZHOJH7ozBl2aepsuvtdBZR__F1JG0rUu0fbxIosw-Sd-1rvBtNSbAbu/s1600/pulse.JPG" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 205px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOiMAWGsG-3w97QFVgu7VQp3hgacgAXASfiT54vYRQo_aHckQuegsqZf5vHQM7gskjFVfTk_VpjWWB-e7JGTIyaZHOJH7ozBl2aepsuvtdBZR__F1JG0rUu0fbxIosw-Sd-1rvBtNSbAbu/s320/pulse.JPG" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5620828803499212242" /></a><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjd6ovEe-JOpwwmrsn1YJQDxg7ExxMebgfYou4uSBFmwCOtW0cPUZ2VPgZo5jJG2yfiSIso_QYu8aeL2URyyDnrAZLzIWGrZNjM46TuzgBGw1nJgvhkrPx5QgVWzpB4NPS7PDMcVv5y5CZm/s1600/rotary-encoder.gif" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><br /></a></span></div><div style="text-align: left;">alat pendukung lain yang dibutuhkan :</div><div style="text-align: left;">1. LCD character 16*2</div><div style="text-align: left;">2. Sistem minimum </div><div style="text-align: left;">3. sensor</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">diagram interkoneksi ada pada gambar dibawah :</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaBgWaRoTJwCHDJHm-qFFfixx-0KIt7mjyHSG93N2q4XPBVdjD8ArwRUrg9WKvBX4x9CzLz8kUSdESdYD5WIzx3uwf7jYipjFTODlDtvqbbKmWjKrmSVnpnMcvdEyVpmxSRCJBSGFBdQrk/s1600/simulasi.JPG" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaBgWaRoTJwCHDJHm-qFFfixx-0KIt7mjyHSG93N2q4XPBVdjD8ArwRUrg9WKvBX4x9CzLz8kUSdESdYD5WIzx3uwf7jYipjFTODlDtvqbbKmWjKrmSVnpnMcvdEyVpmxSRCJBSGFBdQrk/s320/simulasi.JPG" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5620838179569392626" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 226px; " /></a></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>push button pada rangkaian diatas adalah push button simulasi yang mensimulasikan sinyal On Of dari encoder. </div><div><br /></div><div>Pemrograman :</div><div><br /></div><div><div>'======================Deklarasi Chip </div><div>$regfile = "m32def.dat"</div><div>$crystal = 12000000</div><div><br /></div><div>'satu putaran ada 300 sinyal</div><div>'jarak 1 sinyal ke sinyal yang lain 0.1 inch</div><div>'satu keliling = 30 inch</div><div>'============================= konfigurasi Lcd </div><div>Config Lcdpin = Pin , Db4 = Portc.4 , Db5 = Portc.5 , Db6 = Portc.6 , Db7 = Portc.7 , Rs = Portc.0 , E = Portc.1</div><div>Config Lcd = 16 * 2</div><div><br /></div><div>'============================== konfigurasi input dan output </div><div>Config Portc = Output</div><div><br /></div><div>'=============================== aktifasi interrupt </div><div>Config Int0 = Falling</div><div>Enable Int0</div><div>Enable Interrupts</div><div>On Int0 Hitung</div><div><br /></div><div>Dim Jumlah_signal As Byte</div><div>Dim Jarak As Single</div><div>Cursor Off</div><div>Cursor Noblink</div><div>Cls</div><div><br /></div><div>Jumlah_signal = 0</div><div><br /></div><div>Do</div><div> Locate 1 , 1</div><div> Lcd "jarak Tempuh :"</div><div> Locate 2 , 1</div><div> Lcd Fusing(jarak , "#.##") ; " inch "</div><div> Waitms 10</div><div>Loop</div><div>End</div><div><br /></div><div>'=================================== subroutine interrupt</div><div>Hitung:</div><div> Jumlah_signal = Jumlah_signal + 1</div><div> Jarak = 0.1 * Jumlah_signal</div><div> Return</div></div><div><br /></div><div>ide pemrograman :</div><div>pin interrupt akan membaca sinyal input dengan mode <b>falling </b>artinya sinyal yang akan di baca adalah <b><i>edge trigger positive <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">atau sinyal transisi dari 1 ke 0. </span></span></i></b></div><div><b><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">jumlah sinyal yang masuk akan terus di baca dan dihitung. </span></span></i></b></div><div><b><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">setiap loop jumlah sinyal tersebut dikalikan dengan resolusi yaitu</span></span></i></b></div><div><b><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br /></span></span></i></b></div><div><b><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">jarak = jumlah sinyal yang terbaca * 0.1 inch</span></span></i></b></div><div><b><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br /></span></span></i></b></div><div><b><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">download full project <a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/15437594/Jaraktempuh.rar.html">disini</a></span></span></i></b></div><div><div><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div></div></div>Benfany Aditiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05365634559852041129noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4924224379546300941.post-69219158157309115952011-06-21T15:23:00.006+07:002012-03-03T15:06:12.663+07:00Thermometer Digital 4 Units<div>posting saya kali ini adalah mengenai thermometer digital, banyak sensor / transduser yang dapat digunakan pada project kali ini, diantarnya, LM35, RTD, dll. pemilihan sensor suhu tersebut tergantung pada aplikasinya, beberapa pertibangannya adalah :<span class="fullpost"></span><div><br /></div><div>1. Range</div><div>2. Linearity</div><div>3. Resolusi</div><div>4. Kecepatan respon</div><div><br /></div><div>gambar dibawah adalah rangkaian simulasi untuk menguji program. terdiri dari 1 unit ATMega 16, crystal 12MHz , LCD 16*2, 4 Push Button yang mewakili 4 satuan suhu yaitu : celcius, Kelvin, Reamur, Fahrenheit.</div><div><br /></div></div><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjykfGxufH6eQrlPdaLuQ_90V-mAyDEtpGO0N58RfqyqLcw-YcelIRHB5DExZOkmAsheD7IAIhaUyydMJGHP9EKCpzCPoiN87yHJlTo0KCARmqi6zm0ltqM6E_RD26WRtwXoJD9y-ccVmeM/s1600/thermometer+digital.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 171px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjykfGxufH6eQrlPdaLuQ_90V-mAyDEtpGO0N58RfqyqLcw-YcelIRHB5DExZOkmAsheD7IAIhaUyydMJGHP9EKCpzCPoiN87yHJlTo0KCARmqi6zm0ltqM6E_RD26WRtwXoJD9y-ccVmeM/s320/thermometer+digital.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5620588909354762162" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><div>Potensiometer linear yang di pasang pada porta.0 adalah simulasi output dari pengondisi sinyal transducer. karena reference yang di gunakan adalah AVCC yang berarti nilai maksimum adalah +5V, maka nilai tegangan maksimum yang dapat dijadikan input porta.0 adalah 0 sampai +5V. porta.0 adalah port input untuk ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) </div><div><br /></div><div>Coding untuk thermometer digital :</div><div><br /></div><div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">$regfile = "m16def.dat"</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">$crystal = 12000000</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">Config Porta = Input</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">Config Portc = Output</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">Config Adc = Single , Prescaler = Auto , Reference = Avcc</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">Config Lcdpin = Pin , Db4 = Portc.4 , Db5 = Portc.5 , Db6 = Portc.6 , Db7 = Portc.7 , E = Portc.0 , Rs = Portc.1</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">Config Lcd = 16 * 2</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">C Alias Pina.1</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">K Alias Pina.3</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">R Alias Pina.5</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">F Alias Pina.7</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">Dim Nilai As Integer</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">Dim Kode As Byte</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">Dim Suhu As Single</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">'kode 0 = celcius</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">'kode 1 = Kelvin</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">'Kode 2 = Reamur</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">'kode 3 = Fahrenheit</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">Cls</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">Cursor Off</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">Cursor Noblink</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">Start Adc</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">Do</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Nilai = Getadc(0)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> 'asumsi nilai ADC 0-1023 ==> suhu dari 0-100 celcius</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> 'nanti kalau kurang cocok diatur lagi gain nya,</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Suhu = Nilai / 1023</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Suhu = Suhu * 100</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> If Pina.1 = 0 Then</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Kode = 0</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Elseif Pina.3 = 0 Then</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Kode = 1</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Elseif Pina.5 = 0 Then</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Kode = 2</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Elseif Pina.7 = 0 Then</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Kode = 3</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> End If</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> If Kode = 0 Then</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Locate 1 , 1</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Lcd "Celcius "</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Locate 2 , 1</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Lcd "Suhu = " ; Fusing(suhu , "#.##") ; "'C "</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Waitms 10</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Elseif Kode = 1 Then</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Locate 1 , 1</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Lcd "Kelvin "</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Locate 2 , 1</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Suhu = Suhu + 237.15</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Lcd "Suhu = " ; Fusing(suhu , "#.##") ; "'K "</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Waitms 10</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Elseif Kode = 2 Then</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Locate 1 , 1</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Lcd "Reamur "</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Locate 2 , 1</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Suhu = Suhu * 0.8</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Lcd "Suhu = " ; Fusing(suhu , "#.##") ; "'R "</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Waitms 10</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Elseif Kode = 3 Then</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Locate 1 , 1</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Lcd "Fahrenheit "</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Locate 2 , 1</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Suhu = Suhu * 1.8</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Suhu = Suhu + 32</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Lcd "Suhu = " ; Fusing(suhu , "#.##") ; "'F "</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> Waitms 10</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"> End If</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">Loop</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">End</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">ide pemrograman :</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">dalam coding di atas, saya mengasumsikan bahwa nilai ADC 0 - 1023 mewakili pembacaan suhu dari 0 celcius - 100 celcius. maka rumus dasar menjadi </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">suhu = (nilai ADC (yang terbaca) / 1023) * 100</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">contoh :</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">nilai ADC yang terbaca 500 </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">maka suhu yang terbaca adalah = 48.87 Celcius </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">semua pengukuran di ubah ke dalam satuan celcius,</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">setelah itu apabila ada push button yang di aktifkan (celcius,Kelvin,Reamur,Fahrenheit) maka kode satuan akan memiliki nilai sesuai dengan jenis satuan yang dipilih. pada pemrograman kali ini saya kodekan menjadi :</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">'kode 0 = celcius</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">'kode 1 = Kelvin</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">'Kode 2 = Reamur</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">'kode 3 = Fahrenheit</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">proses konversi satuan menggunakan rumus :</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">Celcius ==> Kelvin </span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span"> = Celcius + 237.15</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">Celcius ==> Reamur</span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span"> = Celcius * 0.8</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">Celcius ==> Fahrenheit</span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span"> = ( Celcius * 1.8 ) + 32</span></div><div><br /></div><div>download project dan simulasi <a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/15430519/CFKR.rar.html">disini</a></div></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div></div>Benfany Aditiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05365634559852041129noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4924224379546300941.post-49097593237464735782011-03-09T03:23:00.007+07:002011-03-10T17:17:32.726+07:00Alat Pengukur Tinggi Badan<div style="text-align: left;">Sensor ultrasonic banyak digunakan di berbagai perangkat pengukur jarak. sebagai contoh di dunia robotika sensor ini digunakan sebagai indra utama untuk navigasi robot. sebagai contoh tipe ultra sonic yang banyak digunakan adalah tipe SRF, dan PING</div><div><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.cs.williams.edu/~andrea/cs108/Lectures/R93-SRF04.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 320px;" src="http://www.cs.williams.edu/~andrea/cs108/Lectures/R93-SRF04.jpg" border="0" alt="" /></a></div><div>pada perinsipnya sensor jarak ultra sonic menggunakan prinsip kerja yang sama, yaitu pngirim sinyal dan penerima sinyal (transmitter and receiver). sensor ini bekerja pada frequency 40 Khz.</div><div><br /></div><div>seperti yang telah di jelaskan bahwa sensor ultra sonic memiliki transmitter dan receiver. transmitter memancarkan gelombang suara dengan frekwensi 40KHz. gelombang tersebut akan mengarah pada sebuah objek di depan sensor dan kemudian di pantulkan kembali ke receiver. </div><div><br /></div><div>Transmitter ultrasonic memancarkan gelombang suara setelah diinputkan firing pulse (pulsa trigger) dengan periode tertentu. berdasarkan datasheet, untuk sensor ultra sonic tipe SRF-04 dibutuhkan firing pulse dengan <b>periode = 10us</b>. </div><div><br /></div><div><div>alat pengukur tinggi badan adalah salah satu alat yang pernah dirancang dan di realisasikan pembuatannya. ide dasar sistem kerja alat tersebut ada pada gambar dibawah:</div><div><br /></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEib9-P7cxlhnUoEh1CB_sgW5_jDBfMBP49f3VtRewF9-FMLtcB3k03tH0G6LGORtFb9NfZyPEYk2BnAWwd4jr7vj0ScWUIA_usR7K2jy7DXDPVNR6hgVBiDV_6SCMpr0lSZ8yi2oblwHzJs/s320/ilustrasi.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5581812812216346162" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 246px; height: 320px; " /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "><br /></span></div><div>sebagai contoh sensor di posisikan di atas kepala dengan ketinggian 200 cm / 2 meter. maka jarak yang akan terbaca (d) oleh sensor, merupakan nilai pengurang untuk mendapatkan tinggi badan:</div><div><br /></div><div>tinggi badan = 200 cm - jarak terbaca (d).</div><div><br /></div><div>Komponen yang digunakan untuk membuat alat ini :</div><div>Ultra Sonic SRF-04</div><div>LCD 16*2</div><div>Sistem Minimum ATMega 8535/16/32</div><div><br /></div><div>Gambar dibawah adalah diagram Koneksi Alat pengukur tinggi badan.</div><div><br /></div><div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEickHSvLOHRSQsXvKxndV-lQlIdhv7RgS4WnN7CF-rADCN26zbT7in8w_5webf26RFeeY-58aln7rixQya4ZRNQpPNObUMG_xyH-nMH3Spbn2qyjTmQfv5Jx8Vq_CRbxvJLmla3ihpHM-zY/s1600/simulation.jpg"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEickHSvLOHRSQsXvKxndV-lQlIdhv7RgS4WnN7CF-rADCN26zbT7in8w_5webf26RFeeY-58aln7rixQya4ZRNQpPNObUMG_xyH-nMH3Spbn2qyjTmQfv5Jx8Vq_CRbxvJLmla3ihpHM-zY/s320/simulation.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5581815523645986866" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 214px; " /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>download document (source code, DSN file dan Datasheet) <a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/14106109/Pengukurtinggibadan.rar.html">disini</a></div></div>Benfany Aditiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05365634559852041129noreply@blogger.com33tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4924224379546300941.post-13902526013391518392010-09-28T20:21:00.007+07:002010-11-12T20:10:53.359+07:00Prinsip kerja motor servo standard dan motor servo continous<div style="text-align: left;">Tadi pagi ada teman saya mampir ke kostan. dia nanya-nanya tentang prinsip kerja servo dan programnya. katanya sih untuk persiapan test kerja, coz beberapa syaratnya mengetahui kerja servo dan PLC. untuk itulah saya ingin share sedikit pengetahuan yang saya punya tentang servo, yang saya dapatkan sewaktu kuliah.</div><br /><span class="fullpost"><br /><div><div><div><br /></div><div><b>Apa itu motor servo???</b></div><div><br /></div><div><div>Motor servo adalah sebuah motor dengan sistem closed feedback di mana posisi dari motor akan diinformasikan kembali ke rangkaian kontrol yang ada di dalam motor servo. Motor ini terdiri dari motor dc, rangkaian gear , potensio meter dan rangkaian kontrol.</div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRRtHqCYtlFJyRCGHed6ebL90wssMHGhiHA4Xwa5BjqoSWxMcU&t=1&usg=__8ix5MEyKBlwv9agdoy5C7au6fFk="><img src="http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRRtHqCYtlFJyRCGHed6ebL90wssMHGhiHA4Xwa5BjqoSWxMcU&t=1&usg=__8ix5MEyKBlwv9agdoy5C7au6fFk=" border="0" alt="" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 232px; height: 217px; " /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>Untuk mengoperasikannya yaitu dengan memberikan Pulsa digital tertentu pada motor ini. secara teori, gambar lebar pulsa di bawah ini merupakan pulsa pengatur sudut <b>servo standard</b>.</div><div><br /></div><div><a 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"><img 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" border="0" alt="" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 322px; height: 115px; " /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>Pada dasarnya penggunaan servo itu menggunakan cara yang sama (yaitu dengan memberikan lebar pulsa tertentu). hanya salah satu perbedaannya yaitu pada sudut putarnya. untuk <b>servo standard</b>, sudut putarnya adalah 180 derajat yang dapat dioperasikan dalam dua arah (clock wise / counter clock wise). Gambar diatas adalah lebar pulsa yang dibutuhkan untuk mengoperasikan motor servo standard. pulsa diatas harus diberikan secara terus menerus, agar motor servo mempertahankan posisinya sesuai dengan pulsa yang diberikan</div><div><br /></div><div>'##################</div><div><br /></div><div>Sedangkan untuk jenis <b>servo continous </b>putaran yang dapat dilakukan adalah 360 derajat. untuk mengatur arah putarannya yaitu dengan membedakan lebar pulsa saat kondisi ON (logic "1") sepeti gambar di bawah ini.</div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; "><a 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/WSp38rsUdK+W9MyR5lJeynaCDIbv8ANe50QYnOZ/HSd8+1OcT+Ok75USKql5zP46Tvn2pzmfx0nfKiRBLzmfx0nfKc5n8dL3yokQWqfEa6mbI2nrKiIStySBkrhmbobHXdoFVuiICIiAiIgIiICIiAiIgIiICIiAiIgIiICIiAiIgIiICIiAiIgIiICIiAiIgIiICIiD//2Q==" border="0" alt="" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 255px; height: 145px; " /></a></span></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">'Contoh Program:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">$regfile = "m8535.dat"</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">$crystal=12000000</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">config porta= output</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">do</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>porta.1=1 <---- mengeluarkan logic "1"</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>waitms 1 <---- waktu dapat diubah sesuai dengan timing diagram yang di butuhkan</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>porta.1=0 <---- Mengeluarkan logic "0"</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>waitms 19</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">loop</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span">end</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"> </div><div></div></div></div><br /></span>Benfany Aditiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05365634559852041129noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4924224379546300941.post-22692588976173637932010-03-06T12:57:00.006+07:002010-09-29T13:13:33.595+07:00USB downloader AVRdudeBuat temen-temen yang hobby coding and downloading di Micro controller, pasti sudah familiar dengan interface ini, kebanyakan teman-teman saya di kampus merasa kesulitan saat downloading ke chip, karena programmer (downoader) yang masih di pakai di kampus masih tipe parallel atau yang biasa disebut DB25/Parallel printer port. sedangkan komputer / laptop jaman sekarang udah pada pake USB, so inilah jawabannya buat yang mau download program via USB. <br /> <span class="fullpost"><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSsqnZ30VBzjGAZbnUqi8HlrH8m-eo9Ic-Ai8w69YfroSD2xvSBFMIj94Tyv4UpYjugmuMVjQd2e0TTN2z-DUoMnKfeeG54VjkKTvSH15yrmUTn80OGoFbJjpKc5AUduBjKUoBKw9XiIlI/s1600/SPM_A0018.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSsqnZ30VBzjGAZbnUqi8HlrH8m-eo9Ic-Ai8w69YfroSD2xvSBFMIj94Tyv4UpYjugmuMVjQd2e0TTN2z-DUoMnKfeeG54VjkKTvSH15yrmUTn80OGoFbJjpKc5AUduBjKUoBKw9XiIlI/s320/SPM_A0018.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5521807229641061490" /></a><br /><br /><br />Chip compatible:<br />AT90S1200<br />AT90S2313<br />AT90S2333<br />AT90S2343<br />AT90S4414<br />AT90S4433<br />AT90S4434<br />AT90S8515<br />AT90S8535<br />ATmega103<br />ATmega128<br />ATmega16<br />ATmega161<br />ATmega162<br />ATmega163<br />ATmega169<br />ATmega32<br />ATmega48<br />ATmega64<br />ATmega8<br />ATmega8515<br />ATmega8535<br />ATmega88<br />ATtiny12<br />ATtiny13<br />ATtiny15<br />ATtiny2313<br />ATtiny26<br />Spesifikasi:<br />Operating System : Windows 98, Windows 2000, Windows ME, Windows XP<br /><br />Harga 1 unit = Rp 85.000<br />harga 2 unit = Rp 155.000<br /><br />pemesanan lebih harga menyesuaikan,<br />Wilayah Jakarta,<br />Contact : 081804630205 / 0817213646<br /></span>Benfany Aditiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05365634559852041129noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4924224379546300941.post-69762654251599278992010-03-06T12:02:00.010+07:002012-04-24T16:34:30.404+07:00Sistem Minium ATMega 8535/16/32<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Anda butuh sistem minimum???<br />
pertma kali saya mempelajari mikrokontroler itulah saat saya pertama ingin punya sistem minimum. maklum lah masih belajar. tapi harganya Muahalll... Rp 200.000,- untuk 1 unit. nah buat para pemula atau siapapun yang hobi mikro, nih dia sistem minimum murah (Tapi Ga Murahan!!!)...<br />
<br />
<span class="fullpost"><br /><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj89osuXDNvl3QwYBOmJt4rFI3NEysKywVpUousIuisoVafH-HTG7SsHRst3JPnIH9RxEREmbJnn2Spx5UdFOIQNXZaRBBoPMKvC6QC_OR1VzR2liMHS20IbHWiTAwmPD5Ce4GY_HysgN89/s1600-h/SPM_A0019.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5445385575878515186" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj89osuXDNvl3QwYBOmJt4rFI3NEysKywVpUousIuisoVafH-HTG7SsHRst3JPnIH9RxEREmbJnn2Spx5UdFOIQNXZaRBBoPMKvC6QC_OR1VzR2liMHS20IbHWiTAwmPD5Ce4GY_HysgN89/s320/SPM_A0019.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; height: 240px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 320px;" /></a><br /><br />sistem minimnum ini cocok untuk mikrokontroler tipe AVR, yaitu ATMega 8535, 16 dan 32.<br />power supply : 5 VDc<br />Crystal : 11059200 Hz<br />PCB : Pertinax<br />Rs232 Driver : Max232<br />Db9 Port<br />compatible : ATMega 8535/16/32<br />Dimensi : 9 cm * 8 cm<br />Harga : Rp 130.000<br /><br />wilayah Jakarta,<br />contact: 081928806999<br /></span></div>Benfany Aditiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05365634559852041129noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4924224379546300941.post-66875640231268563332010-01-24T16:37:00.006+07:002010-10-01T19:04:38.002+07:00Rangkaian Interkoneksi LCD karakter 16x2Untuk beberapa bahasa pemrograman, penempatan / hubungan antara "kaki" LCD dan mikrokontroler terserah pada programmer (operator). karena hanya dibutuhkan operasi pin output dari pin mikro (tidak memerlukan special function pin).<br /><span class="fullpost"><br />Namun ada beberapa bahasa pemrograman yang mengharuskan penggunanya menghubungkan LCD dan pin output mikrokontroler sesuai dengan wizard yang telah tersedia / telah ditentukan sebelumnya. ex(code vision avr)<br /><br />Rangkaian di bawah ini adalah rangkaian yang menghubungkan beberapa kaki LCD dengan mikrokotroler menggunakan sistem pengiriman data per 4 bit (yang digunakan Db4-Db7). rangkaian tersebut merupakan rangkaian sederhana yang bisa anda buat sendiri pada PCB marix, karena pada dasarnya penggunaan LCD hanya memerlukan "adapter" kaki-kakinya (dengan menghiraukan penggunaan setting contrast).<br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWGFJcWN8GrywSl7b14nkkNgzJT5TwEqJKvvGanPaDqD9gVKB7tdEhb1VpZFoRhsEfUOL-5Hyqa9DliTq8-rd4kdCvs5pI7PXTs-44QPQeHob8B6ZR0V0BFcA1SyjHF32sBvbDLmty-QDF/s1600-h/lcd.gif"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 267px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWGFJcWN8GrywSl7b14nkkNgzJT5TwEqJKvvGanPaDqD9gVKB7tdEhb1VpZFoRhsEfUOL-5Hyqa9DliTq8-rd4kdCvs5pI7PXTs-44QPQeHob8B6ZR0V0BFcA1SyjHF32sBvbDLmty-QDF/s320/lcd.gif" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5430240451768860210" border="0" /></a><br /><br />contoh program untuk menampilkan karakter pada LCD:<br />'// digunakan chip ATMega 8535 menggunakan Basic Programming (BASCOM AVR)<br />$regfile="m8535.dat"<br />$crystal=12000000<br /><br />config porta=output<br />config LCD=16*2<br />config lcdpin=pin, db4=porta.0, db5=porta.1, db6=porta.2, db7=porta.3, e=porta.4, rs=porta.5<br /><br />cls<br /><br />locate 1,1<br />Lcd "Test Lcd 16x2"<br />end<br /></span>Benfany Aditiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05365634559852041129noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4924224379546300941.post-341309091577811802010-01-24T16:05:00.009+07:002010-09-29T13:15:52.968+07:00Sistem Minimum ATMEGA 8535,32,16 (compatible)Rangkaian di bawah ini adalah sistem minimum yang biasa dipakai dalam penggunaan chip AVR. pada dasarnya semua sistem minimum itu sama. lebih tepatnya rangkaian ini hanya digunakan sebagai "adapter". <br /><span class="fullpost"><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkQxGj1NgQq-ARI3eWTCd9KR_1ac6kjCNylKk_TmMe9UIF51BssY1v5CY_-4GAjvtpbkMTsR7w-x5NzHYGcnuyb0NklmZhPKJd0E5o0dQspGHB7LjhZPe_aP4DftCoTxNuxaGpz35nC-DC/s1600-h/sismin.gif"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 188px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkQxGj1NgQq-ARI3eWTCd9KR_1ac6kjCNylKk_TmMe9UIF51BssY1v5CY_-4GAjvtpbkMTsR7w-x5NzHYGcnuyb0NklmZhPKJd0E5o0dQspGHB7LjhZPe_aP4DftCoTxNuxaGpz35nC-DC/s320/sismin.gif" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5430236881064339874" border="0" /></a><br /><br />schematic di atas adalah sismin? ATMega 8535,16,32 compatible,. mengapa disebut compatible sismin??<br /><br />dowload datasheet <a href="http://www.datasheetcatalog.org/datasheet/atmel/2502S.pdf"><span style="font-weight: bold;">di sini</span></a><br />footprint dari ketiga komponen diatas (8535, 32, 16) sama persis. yang membedakan dari segi kapasitas Flash rom<br />8535 = 8 Kb<br />32= 32 Kb<br />16 = 16 Kb<br /><br /></span>Benfany Aditiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05365634559852041129noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4924224379546300941.post-41158924298270394742010-01-21T18:13:00.002+07:002010-01-21T18:21:01.894+07:00All Circuit (Schematic)<ol><li>Sistem Minimum ATMega 8535,16,32 (compatible)</li><li>Running Led</li><li>Sample Electronic Programmer</li><li>Regulator</li><li>H-Bridge (L298-DC motor Driver)<br /></li><li>Relay Motor Driver<br /></li><li>LCD</li><li>Seven Segment</li><li>Dot Matrix</li><li>Modem RS232</li></ol>Benfany Aditiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05365634559852041129noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4924224379546300941.post-31671375519012976582010-01-21T18:00:00.003+07:002010-01-21T18:05:32.740+07:00Contact Usemail : <a href="http://www.yahoo.com">benfany.aditia@yahoo.com</a><br />facebook : <a href="http://www.facebook.com">ichwan_peace@yahoo.com</a><br />HP : +6281804630205 <img class="emoticon" src="http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/mesg/emoticons7/101.gif" alt="callme" title="callme" />Benfany Aditiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05365634559852041129noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4924224379546300941.post-90063471687415691282010-01-21T16:14:00.015+07:002012-03-03T15:02:47.644+07:00Daftar Projects mikrokontroler menggunakan AVR chipDi bawah ini adalah daftar-daftar project mikro kontroler yang telah di realisasikan dan berfungsi sesuai dengan fungsi dan tujuan yang ingin dicapai:<br /><span class="fullpost"><ol><li><a href="http://benfanyprojects.blogspot.com/2011/06/thermometer-digital-4-units.html">Termometer Digital</a></li><li><a href="http://benfanyprojects.blogspot.com/2011/03/alat-pengukur-tinggi-badan.html">Pengukur tinggi badan dengan ultra sonic</a></li><li><a href="http://benfanyprojects.blogspot.com/2011/06/ini-posting-saya-yang-ke-2-di-bulan-ini.html">Alat Pengukur Jarak Tempuh</a></li><li><a href="http://benfanyprojects.blogspot.com/2012/03/digital-stop-watch.html">Digital Stopwatch</a><br /></li></ol><div>buat temen-temen yang mau ngusulin project untuk di posting di blog ini kirim komen and jelaskan deskripsi kerja alatnya. </div></span>Benfany Aditiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05365634559852041129noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4924224379546300941.post-54862693197807127142010-01-21T15:56:00.006+07:002011-03-09T17:03:40.500+07:00Attention<hr /><br /><marquee><h1>"....Maaf...."</h1></marquee><br /><br />Project belum tersedia<br /><div><br /></div><div>jika anda ingin artikel project ini segera di terbitkan, silahkan untuk mengirim pesan melalui komentar atau email ke:</div><div><br /></div><div><a href="benfany.aditia@yahoo.com">benfany.aditia@yahoo.com</a><br /><br />terima_kasih<br />(Benf)</div>Benfany Aditiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05365634559852041129noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4924224379546300941.post-18955478389231156652010-01-21T01:16:00.002+07:002010-09-29T13:17:35.154+07:00BASCOM AVR (Coding)Downloading program adalah sebuah proses mengirimkan program yang "diketik" di PC, yang kemudian dikirimkan ke dalam mikro kontroler. secara umum proses coding program dibuat dalam dua jenis bahasa pemrograman:<br /><span class="fullpost"><br /><br />1. Assembler ==> merubah dari <span style="font-weight: bold;">bahasa tingkat rendah</span> ke <span style="font-weight: bold;">Bahasa Mesin<br /></span>2.Compiler<span style="font-weight: bold;"> ==> </span>merubah dari <span style="font-weight: bold;">bahasa tingkat tinggi </span>ke <span style="font-weight: bold;">Bahasa Mesin<br /><br /></span>lalu apakah bahasa tingka redah dan tinggi????<br />ok!!! kita bahas secara singkat!!! (sebenernya emang saya ga banyak tahu... hehe <img class="emoticon" src="http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/mesg/emoticons7/103.gif" alt="babai" title="babai" />)<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Bahasa Mesin(machine language):<br /></span>adalah bahasa yang dimengerti oleh hardware (mikrokontroler), karena mikrokontroler hanya bisa mengerti data dalam bentuk logic "1" atau "0". maka dari itu bahasa mesin disajikan dam bentuk dereten heksa.<br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLaDKvqO3-FhsWj4BfCeNqxYBenOWs3e1fA_UUmFMfakb9RTHbTEkl-v5L-Y9DXy6JVXXZPgeGDlB0xq1s3KzJJN4LPUSiCxKt8RdcyL-nKRyvOCQwfEqr1R0To-dn2Yr_dDgOHFiRNMl4/s1600-h/hexa.gif"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 204px; height: 320px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLaDKvqO3-FhsWj4BfCeNqxYBenOWs3e1fA_UUmFMfakb9RTHbTEkl-v5L-Y9DXy6JVXXZPgeGDlB0xq1s3KzJJN4LPUSiCxKt8RdcyL-nKRyvOCQwfEqr1R0To-dn2Yr_dDgOHFiRNMl4/s320/hexa.gif" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5428895196122846370" border="0" /></a><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Bahasa Assembler (low level language)<br /></span>adalah bahasa tingkat rendah yang ditulis dengan menggunakan beberapa singkatan dalam bahasa inggris, dan dapat dimengerti oleh manusia (user). yang kemudian coding-coding programnya akan diubah ke dalam bahasa mesin.<br />contoh (coding pada Midicom Intel 8085):<br />MVI A,01<br />MOV B,A<br />...............<br />dst.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Bahasa Compiler (High Level Language)<br /></span>adalah bahasa tingkat tinggi yang ditulis dengan menggunakan bahasa inggris, bahasa compiler lebih mudah dimengerti oleh manusia (user) karena menggunakan kata-kata yang lengkap (tidak disingkat) dalam penulisannya.<br />salah satu compiler yang dapat digunakan dan mudah dimengerti adalah BASCOM AVR.<br />selanjutnya dalam project-project yang akan di posting akan disajikan dalam formt Basic...<br /><br /></span>Benfany Aditiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05365634559852041129noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4924224379546300941.post-23807498765972356762010-01-20T22:15:00.004+07:002010-09-29T13:18:11.896+07:00Feature Lengkap dari AVR mikrokontrollerAVR chip merupakan salah satu dari beberapa tipe chip yang banyak digunakan. selain sudah familiar dan penggunaan yang mudah chip ini juga banyak tersedia di toko elektronik di indonesia . selain itu banyak feature yang bisa mempermudah pekerjaan programmer, umumnya tipe ini dilengkapi dengan ADC, Timer, Interrupt, dll. salah satu tipe AVR "Kesayangan" saya,, yaitu : ATMega Family...<br /><span class="fullpost"><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://catatansaad.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/atmega8535.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 242px; height: 213px;" src="http://catatansaad.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/atmega8535.jpg" alt="" border="0" /></a><br />DIP 40 ini sangat menunjang beberapa pekerjaan saya selama ini,,<br />fetaturenya:<br />• High-performance, Low-power AVR® 8-bit Microcontroller<br />• Advanced RISC Architecture<br />– 130 Powerful Instructions – Most Single Clock Cycle Execution<br />– 32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers<br />– Fully Static Operation<br />– Up to 16 MIPS Throughput at 16 MHz<br />– On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier<br />• Nonvolatile Program and Data Memories<br />– 8K Bytes of In-System Self-Programmable Flash<br />Endurance: 10,000 Write/Erase Cycles<br />– Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits<br />In-System Programming by On-chip Boot Program<br />True Read-While-Write Operation<br />– 512 Bytes EEPROM<br />Endurance: 100,000 Write/Erase Cycles<br />– 512 Bytes Internal SRAM<br />– Programming Lock for Software Security<br />• Peripheral Features<br />– Two 8-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescalers and Compare Modes<br />– One 16-bit Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler, Compare Mode, and Capture<br />Mode<br />– Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator<br />– Four PWM Channels<br />– 8-channel, 10-bit ADC<br />8 Single-ended Channels<br />7 Differential Channels for TQFP Package Only<br />2 Differential Channels with Programmable Gain at 1x, 10x, or 200x for TQFP<br />Package Only<br />– Byte-oriented Two-wire Serial Interface<br />– Programmable Serial USART<br />– Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface<br />– Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-chip Oscillator<br />– On-chip Analog Comparator<br />• Special Microcontroller Features<br />– Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection<br />– Internal Calibrated RC Oscillator<br />– External and Internal Interrupt Sources<br />– Six Sleep Modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-save, Power-down, Standby<br />and Extended Standby<br />• I/O and Packages<br />– 32 Programmable I/O Lines<br />– 40-pin PDIP, 44-lead TQFP, 44-lead PLCC, and 44-pad MLF<br />• Operating Voltages<br />– 2.7 - 5.5V for ATmega8535L<br />– 4.5 - 5.5V for ATmega8535<br />• Speed Grades<br />– 0 - 8 MHz for ATmega8535L<br />– 0 - 16 MHz for ATmega8535<br /></span>Benfany Aditiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05365634559852041129noreply@blogger.com0